Paranoid depression
Keywords:
posición ezquizoparanoide, posición depresiva, superyo temprano, material clínicoAbstract
Under the name of “depressive-paranoid level” a structure of object-relation is described, which differs from both schizoparanoid and depressive-melancholic positions described by Melanie Klein. It is distinguished by a qualitative modification
of the characteristics of the ego, of the object and of the super-ego instance and implies behaviour corresponding to this objectrelation. The object is not dissociated; it comprises negative aspects, persecutory and feared, and positive aspects, protective, gratifying and loved, integration being labile, with predominance of the former aspects. The super-ego instance is characterized by moral obligation: what is not to be done. It is necessary to take care of the object in order to placate it. The object is
feared and respected and there is preoccupation for the preservation of the ego. Behaviour is consistent with this need of the object. The persecutor is respected and can be no longer destroyed with impunity. Aggression towards the object is
harmful. The object is needed and loss of it is feared. There is still no love for the object but it is looked after because of the need of it. There is no real grief but envy and protest because of the dependency that this need of the object involves. Admission of dependency and need is the first, inevitable and accepted contact with
reality.
Downloads
References
ABADIE, M. (1961).—— La hipocondría. Proposiciones acerca de la temática inconciente. “Revista de Psicoanálisis”. Buenos Aires, y. 18, Nº 4, 1961, pp. 370-73.
ABRAHAM, K. (1911).-— “Notes on the psychoanalytic investigation and treatment of manic-depressive insanity and allied conditions”. (“Los estados depresivos y los niveles pregenitales de la libido”. Buenos Aires, Ilome, 1961.)
(1916).—- The influence of oral erotism in character-formation. “Selected Papers”. London, Institute of Psychoanalysis and Hogarth Press, 1927.
BARANGER, W. (1956).— Asimilación y encapsulamiento. Estudio de los objetos idealizados. “Rev. Urugu. de Psicoanálisis”, V. 1, Nº 1, 1956, pp. 22-63.
(1958).— La posición esquizoparanoide. “Anales (le la Clínica Psiquiátrica”, Montevideo, Imp. Rosgal, 1958, t. 1.
(1962).— “El muerto-vivo: estructura de los objetos en el duelo y los estados depresivos”. IV Congreso Psicoanalítico Latinoamericano. Río de Janeiro, 1962 (en Prensa).
ESQUIROL, .J. E. (1838).— “Des maladies mentales”, París, Baillére, 1938.
FERENCZI, S. (1908-14).— “Sex in psychoanalysis”, London, Hogarth Press. (“Sexo y psicoanálisis”, trad. de Santiago Dukovskx-. Buenos Aires. Hormé, 1959.)
(citado por Jones, 1948).—— En: The genesis of the superego, Yearbook of psychoanalisis. “Intern. Univ-. Press”, New York, “Inter. Univ. Press”, New York, 1949.
FREUD, S. (1917).— Duelo y melancolic (aflicción y melancolía). Obras completas. “Biblioteca Nueva”, Madrid, 1948, y. 1., pp. 1087-95.
(1923).—El yo y el ello. “Obras completas”. Buenos Aires, Ed. Auiercana, 1943, t. 10, pp. 236-43.
GALEANO MUÑOZ, J. (1961).— Ambigüedad en lo pxistencio. “Anales de lo Clínica Psiquiátrica”, t. 3 (en prensa).
JONES, E. (1948).— The genesis of the superego. The Yenrbook on psychoanalysis. “Intern. Univ. Press”, New York, 1949.
KLFIN, M. (1935).— “Coutribution to the psychogenesis of the nmnic-depressive states constitution. Contributions tu Psyeho-Analysis”, 1921-45, London, 1950, pp. 282-310.
(1946).— Notas sobre algunos nlecanismos esquizoides. “Revista de Psicoanálisis”, Buenos Aires, y. 4, 1948-49, pp. 82-113. Inter. Journ. of Psicho-Anaysis, v. 27, 1946, p. 99.)
(1952).— Some theoretical conelusions i-egarding the emotional life of the infant. “Developments in psychoanalysis”, London, The Hogarth Press, 1953, Cap. IV. (Traducido por W. Baranger y P. Michon. En: “Rev. Urug. de Psicoan.”, t. 2, Nº 3, 1958, pp. 319-59.)
(1955).— Envidia y gratitud. En: “Las emociones básicas del hombre”, Buenos Aires, Nova, 1960.
(1959).— Simposium sobre “enfermedad depresiva”. Una nota sobre la depresión en el esquizofrénico. Asociación Psicoanalítica Internacional. XXI Congreso, Copenhague, julio, 1959. “Revista de Psicoanálisis”, Buenos Aires, v. 18, Nº 1, 1961, pp. 1-17.
BAIDO, S. (1927).—Das problem der Melancholie. “Int. Zeitsehr. f. Psychoanal.”, v. 13, 1907. “Intera. J. Psycho-Anal.”, y. 9, 1928.
ROSENFIELD, II. (1959).— An investigation jato the psychoanalytic theory of the depression. “Int. J. of Psicho-Analysis”, y. 40, Nº 2, 1959, pp. 105-29.
SEGAL, II. (1956).— Depression la the schizophrenic. “Int. .T. Psycho-Analysis”, T. 2, Nº 1, 1957-58, pp. 232-42.
WEISS, E. (1926).—Der Vergiftungswahn im Lichte die lntrojektions und Proyections vorghnge. “Int. Zeitsebr. f. Psychoanal.”, v. 12, 1926, p. 466.
This work is licensed under a 